What is the nature of reality regarded as a universal truth taught by the Buddha?


The nature of reality is that all things will pass away.
In the teachings of the Buddha, clinging and craving create the pain that fills human life because all things pass away (in some form) and humans (due to their attachment to things) cannot understand, cope with or bear the loss.
Loss is frightening, disturbing, upsetting and often devastating to such an extent that the human mind will focus on what is absent and will not be able to refocus on what is still present.
People pursue states of fulfillment according to their own attachment to their own ideas of what is satisfying.
It is like this:
First you see something you cannot live without. Something that may be animate or inanimate, living or material based.
You begin to pursue this thing first in your thoughts. “I must have this.”
Then you plan how to get it and begin your physical pursuit to obtain it.
Once you have your perceived “treasure” you are elated for a time as you experience its presence in your life.
Then something occurs which causes the loss of the “treasure” and you fall from elation. You are shattered, lost, confused, upset, grief stricken and often paranoid.
You are driven by these emotions and seek to understand why you had to lose your treasure and how you can replace it, or fill the void that is now present because your attachment is still there, but there is no manifestation of what you once were attached to.
People seek therapy for this. They over eat, they drink, they take drugs.
It is all their own attachment that is driving them to despair, but they do not see this. They see instead that something is absent in their lives. It is the thing that they attached elation to.
By attaching happiness to a thing that can be lost, when loss occurs, the owner of the attached cord, is left with nothing at the end of their leash. (Literally)
In order to overcome the destabilization of the mind that is under attachment thinking, Buddha created the Four Noble Truths
1.       Life means suffering
2.       The origin of suffering is attachment
3.       The cessation of suffering is attainable (Release attachments)
4.       The path to the cessation of suffering (Live without craving or clinging by observing mindful practices where the thoughts of craving and clinging are observed as they start to appear and you, as the observer, let them pass peacefully. You do not place any importance on them and you are not carried away by the wave they carry; the wave of clinging or the wave of craving.)


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